Sea Lamprey Essay Example

Sea Lamprey Essay The Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon Marinus) is a primitive, jawless, predaceous, aquatic vertebrate fish which can live in both salt and fresh water. They weigh 8 to 13 ounces and are 12 to 20 inches long. They are aggressive parasites with a circular mouth containing circular set of teeth. Sea Lampreys have a feathery fin from midsection down and under their tail. These eel-like fish are native to the coastal regions of both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. Adult Sea Lampreys feed by attaching themselves on to their prey with a suctorial mouth and rasp out a hole with their rough tongue. They extract blood and other body fluids from the prey. An anticoagulant present in the Lamprey’s saliva keep the wound open without clotting the blood till the Lamprey is satiated or the prey ultimately dies from blood loss or infection.Sea Lampreys are believed to have entered the Great lakes through the Welland Canal in 1829 and were noticed in Lake Erie in 1921. They have been immensely destructive in the Great Lakes since their invasion. Each Lamprey is capable of killing 40 or more pounds of fish. All species of large Great Lake fish are capable of being destroyed by Sea Lamprey. Sea Lampreys are exotic species because they were introduced in to a non native habitat and did not evolve with naturally occurring Great Lake fish. Their aggressive nature gives them great advantage over the fish and their feeding habits are a great cause of concern to the fishery.Problem of Sea LampreyThe entry of Sea Lamprey has devasted the fishery in the Great Lake. Lake Trout production was 1.8 million kilograms in Lake Superior from 1930 to 1942. Production dropped by nearly 90% in the following decade. In Lake Huron it was a virtual failure in 1947. Adult Sea Lampreys come to the Great Lake in spring and summer and build their nests in the gravel riffles. Every individual female Sea Lamprey can lay up to 60,000 eggs. The adult Sea Lamprey dies after spawning. Eggs hatch into larvae which for several years live in burrows as feeding on debris and small plant life. The larvae then undergo metamorphosis in to free swimming forms. Lots of external changes are seen during these transformations. These free swimming Lampreys attach themselves to the host fish and suck blood and body fluids from them. These parasitic feedings lasts for one to two years, during this time the Lampreys become fully grown adults. They return to smaller streams, spawn and their cycle begins all over again. The presence of Sea Lamprey in Great Lake can affect the ecosystem adversely because of its aggressive feeding of fish. Lake trout are mostly affected by Sea Lamprey. The fisheries in the Great Lake area thrive on their catch of Lake Trouts. The invasion by Sea Lamprey has had an enormous economic blow on these fisheries.Control of Sea LampreyThe Great Lake fisheries Commission in coordination with The Department of Fisheries, Oceans Canada and the US Fish and Wildlife Service is responsible for minimizing and controlling Sea Lamprey. By conducting research of the life history of the Sea Lamprey it’s been found that Sea Lamprey is vulnerable during three stages of their life cycle.One is during their larval stage since they are sedentary and control would have immediate effect. Two when they are metamorphosing and migrating downstream and three when they are spawning adults, concentrated and are migrating.Currently lampricides like TFM and Bayer 73 are used to kill Sea Lamprey in their larval stage. TFM, 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol is a pale yellow crystalline solid. Tributary streams are treated with TFM periodically depending on the abundance of larvae as TFM is potent to Sea Lamprey larvae as it causes circulatory and respiratory collapse. Mechanical and electrical barriers are constructed across the streams to control Sea lamprey during migration. The Sterile-Male-Release technique is used to control the production of Sea Lamprey during spawning. Sea Lampreys are also caught by trapping when they are migrating as adults and a portion are released after they are sterilized in order to reduce production.Effectiveness of ControlUsage of TFM as lampricide has been a tremendous success in the control of Sea lamprey. However using TFM is very costly and the Great Lake Fisheries Commission is now relying largely upon the other methods of control. Barriers reduce the area to be treated by lampricide considerably and allow passage for other species. The use of lampricide though proven to be harmful for the other species might develop a kind of tolerance in Sea lampreys which might lead to control being ineffective in spite of high costs. Various assessments programs monitor larval and spawning Sea lampreys in order to determine how and when they can be controlled. Effective control techniques have reduced the Sea Lamprey population in the Great Lake by 90%. By continuing with effective control methods their population can be kept in check so tha t the fisheries are not affected by them. Building various barriers in the Great Lake area and monitoring them periodically has controlled the Sea lamprey at large. The fisheries commission hopes to control this invasive species in the future too by not allowing it to upset the ecological balance in the Great Lake area.

Free Essays on Landscape Imagery, Tess Of The Durbyvilles

â€Å"irresistible law† implicates that Tess and Clare’s union was caused by the uncontrollable law of nature, in which there is never a possibility that they could deny their union. There for Tess and Clare’s relationship is also controlled by mother nature and not themselves. Through these examples that both Tess herself and Tess and Clare’s relationship are uncontrolled by themselves but ... Free Essays on Landscape Imagery, Tess Of The Durbyvilles Free Essays on Landscape Imagery, Tess Of The Durbyvilles In the novel, Tess of the d’Urbervilles by Thomas Hardy, the author uses landscape imagery to convey the message that nature is not the Eden that many believe it is. Nature is not only a perfect place that causes humans to spiritually feel goodness and peace, but in fact, has a dual characteristic of causing humans to also feel pain and suffering. By using descriptions of Tess, the Dairymaids and Angel Clare in The Rally and The Consequence sections, Hardy is able to express the idea that besides producing delight and joy, nature can also causes suffering subjugation in humans. Through descriptions of Tess, the suggestion that she is tormented by the control over her by nature is revealed and the idea that nature has the dual characteristic of causing tranquility but also suffering subjugation is expressed. Nature is an element that humans cannot control, throughout the book, Hardy makes statements that implies Tess is a part of nature, she is described as the â€Å"daughter of the soil† and also the â€Å"fresh and virginal daughter of nature.† With the implication that Tess is a daughter of the elements, it is suggested that Tess’ life is also an element in which humans or even herself cannot control. She is the daughter if nature, there for nature is the mother and has the controlling hand over Tess. Much like the way nature has the control over Tess, nature also has control over Tess’ relationship with Clare. Their relationship is described as â€Å"converging under an irresistible law, as surely as two streams in one vale. † The words â€Å"irresistible law† implicates that Tess and Clare’s union was caused by the uncontrollable law of nature, in which there is never a possibility that they could deny their union. There for Tess and Clare’s relationship is also controlled by mother nature and not themselves. Through these examples that both Tess herself and Tess and Clare’s relationship are uncontrolled by themselves but ...

Remoción de condiciones de la residencia por matrimonio

Remocià ³n de condiciones de la residencia por matrimonio Los extranjeros que obtienen la tarjeta de residencia por matrimonio  con un ciudadano antes de cumplir los dos aà ±os de casados  deben solicitar la remocià ³n de las condiciones si quieren conservar su estatus de residentes. Hay que hacer la remocià ³n de la condicionalidad 90 dà ­as (3 meses) antes de que expire la tarjeta de residencia condicional. A partir de ahà ­ todas las green card que tenga sern definitivas, pero habr que renovarlas antes de que expiren. Quà © hacer para la remocià ³n de las condiciones de la tarjeta de residencia Rellenar conjuntamente ambos cà ³nyuges la planilla I-751 y enviarla al centro del USCIS que corresponda junto con el pago de la tarifa y la documentacià ³n necesaria. La planilla debe rellenarse utilizando sà ³lo un bolà ­grafo de tinta negra. Escribir N/A para dejar sin contestar las preguntas que no le afectan a su situacià ³n personal y escribir NONE cuando la respuesta deba ser ninguno. Si para contestar a alguna pregunta no llega el espacio proporcionado en el formulario, entonces tomar una hoja en blanco, escribir en la parte superior de la misma el nombre del residente permanente, su Alien Registration Number y la seccià ³n y nà ºmero de pregunta que se va a contestar en esta hoja adicional. Cundo no estn obligados los cà ³nyuges a rellenar conjuntamente la planilla I-751 Cuando el matrimonio haya sido de buena fe pero haya finalizado por viudedad, nulidad o divorcio. En este caso, adjuntar documento que acredite el fin del matrimonio. En los casos de divorcio à ©ste se ha tenido que producir por un caso de violencia o crueldad extrema hacia el cà ³nyuge extranjero. Incluso en los casos en los que el matrimonio no se ha disuelto pero el cà ³nyuge extranjero ha sufrido violencia domà ©stica à ©ste puede presentar en solitario la solicitud de remocià ³n de las condiciones de la tarjeta de residencia. Pero deber adjuntar documentacià ³n que pruebe esta situacià ³n, como son rà ©cords mà ©dicos, policiales, de asistentes sociales o de una corte. Incluso fotografà ­as de lesiones producidas por el abuso o declaraciones de un centro de acogida a và ­ctimas de la violencia domà ©stica. Documentos que se deben adjuntar con la peticià ³n Una fotocopia legible de la tarjeta de residencia por ambos lados. Documentos que sirvan de evidencia de que el matrimonio no es fraudulento y se ha celebrado con el à ºnico propà ³sito de conseguir los papeles. Entre los ejemplos de documentacià ³n que sirve para este propà ³sito destacan: Certificado de nacimiento de hijos en comà ºn.Hipotecas en comà ºn, contrato de arrendamiento, cuentas de banco de ambos cà ³nyuges, prà ©stamos, facturas a nombre de los dos, seguros de vida a favor del otro.Declaraciones juradas de al menos dos personas que conozcan la naturaleza del matrimonio y està ©n dispuestas a testificar que se trata de una relacià ³n de buena fe. En su declaracià ³n deben indicar su nombre completo, fecha de nacimiento, lugar de residencia y cà ³mo es que conocen al matrimonio.Adems, si se ha sido arrestado, demandado, o condenado en corte debe enviarse la documentacià ³n original que debe suministrar la agencia policial que realizà ³ el arresto, o la corte que sentencià ³ condenando o absolviendo. Y si se ha cumplido la condena, documentacià ³n original de ello. En los casos de multas de trfico no hay que notificarlas si no ha habido arresto y sà ³lo se ha impuesto pà ©rdida de puntos de la licencia de manejar y/o una multa inferior a los $500. Pero sà ­ deber hacerse cuando estn relacionadas con haber tomado alcohol o drogas. Si se adjunta algà ºn documento en un idioma distinto del inglà ©s, deber ser traducido por una persona que certifique que tiene un adecuado conocimiento de ambos idiomas. Costo de remover las condiciones de la tarjeta de residencia Este trmite tiene un costo de $590. En realidad hay que pagar $505 por el acto de la remocià ³n las condiciones y $85 por la gestià ³n de los datos biomà ©tricos (toma de huellas digitales, etc.). Adems, si un ciudadano americano hubiese pedido la tarjeta de residencia condicional para sus hijastros, adems de para su cà ³nyuge, deber abonarse $85 por cada nià ±o o muchacho para el que se realice el trmite de quitar las condiciones. Esto aplica sà ³lo en los casos en los que los chicos adquirieron la residencia al mismo tiempo que su padre o su madre o en los 90 dà ­as siguientes. Si tomà ³ ms tiempo, debe entonces rellenarse un I-751 por cada muchacho en esa situacià ³n. A dà ³nde enviar la documentacià ³n Depende del lugar de residencia habitual. Las personas que viven en los estados de Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Dakota del Norte, Dakota del Sur, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, Ohio, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin y Wyoming o en los territorios de Guam o la Samoa Americana deben enviar la peticià ³n a: USCIS California Service CenterP.O. Box 10751Laguna Niguel, CA 92607-1075 Pero si se vive en: Alabama, Arkansas, Carolina del Norte, Carolina del Sur, Connecticut, Delaware, Washington, D.C., Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Nuevo Hampshire, Nueva Jersey, Nuevo Mexico, Nueva York, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, y Virginia Occidental o en las Islas Và ­rgenes Americanas o Puerto Rico, entonces se enviar la documentacià ³n a: USCIS Vermont Service Center75 Lower Welden StreetP.O. Box 200St. Albans, VT 05479-0001 Entrevista Estas 65 preguntas dan una idea de quà © esperar en la entrevista a esposos. La finalidad es intentar diferenciar entre un matrimonio real y otro de mera conveniencia. El caso especial de cà ³nyuge de militares Las personas que desean remover las condiciones de su green card cuando estn en el extranjero acompaà ±ando a su cà ³nyuge que es militar o trabaja para el gobierno de los EEUU debern adjuntar dos fotos tipo pasaporte y una tarjeta con sus huellas digitales tomada en una oficina consular americana. Consejo y advertencia Se recomienda tomar este test sobre  cà ³mo obtener y conservar la tarjeta de residencia.  Sirve para asegurarse conocer informacià ³n esencial. Finalmente, los extranjeros que adquieren la green card por  ser inversionista  tambià ©n obtienen una tarjeta de residencia temporal. Pero para remover las condiciones deben seguir un trmite distinto. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Massive Extinction of Dolphins Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Massive Extinction of Dolphins - Essay Example We are now aware of the fact that caterpillars do not last as confidently as we are able to observe our own annihilation depletion patterns will come to a conclusion. It will either be our own extinction alongside the massive extinction of other kinds for which we are accountable, or as a transformed community in ecological balance (Sahtouris 47). This balance will have to involve a mature human species sharing and reprocessing like all others. In a similar manner, this balance is observable when researchers investigated the population, breeding trends and human interaction with dolphins. Recently, the count of dolphins has experienced a generation passed since the Gaia theory, brought about by James Lovelock (Andryszewski 16). During this period, there have been numerous optimistic findings from the developing ecological awareness. This awareness includes dolphin-safe tuna, an ozone treaty, and safe air regulations in the western civilization. More importantly, the Rio conference th at was reportedly under-represented stated to have an increasing figure of accomplished permaculture or residing systems veterinary and tutors on the land. Recently, the explosion of science and marine preservation groups and sciences originate from the Planck gauge to the Cosmos itself . Already in prehistoric times, food scarcity, worldwide atmospheric pollution and damaging ultraviolet radiation were confrontations that guided towards the generation of new DNA genes and partners. Afterwards, animals and plants evolved. According to David Thoreau, repeated massive extinctions have had survivors of every similar catastrophe retooling, evolving into fresh forms and roles of species (Pollan 141). Dolphins have experienced an outburst of human interaction in the late twentieth and early twenty first century. It starts to look as though crises afford life unusual evolutionary chances to make new resolutions. For multiple years, marine researchers have informed us that dolphins share numerous characteristics with man, as well as intelligence and sociability. A contrast of human and dolphin genes displays that the genetic temperament dolphins is astonishingly similar to man. Researchers at Texas A&M University have discovered that dolphins have additional characteristics with us genetically than cows, horses and pigs. The level of the genetic resemblance came as an actual astonishment to a majority of dolphin researchers. This kind of information will not be able to assist scientists build the genetic blueprint of dolphins, but also bolster conservation hard work (Epstein 32). Assisted with the development made in mapping the human genome, scientists will keep on attempting to recognize individual genes on dolphin chromosomes. Leopold approximates it will save them for two decades, and the comparisons and variations will identify the time man and dolphins separated off the evolutionary system (Miller 117). Scientists at Texas A&M Uni

Malcolm X Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 3

Malcolm X - Essay Example Malcolm X’s growing up years led to his new way of resolving the difficulties of growing up in an unfair world. With the murder of his father at the young tender age of 6, Malcolm X realized the unfairness of the world (Goldman 162). Malcolm X believed his grandmother was raped by a White person (Goldman 27).His growing up as a criminal charged for larceny and other law violations indicated life was an uphill struggle to survive. To survived, Malcolm X had to do whatever is possible to survive in a crime-laden community. Malcolm X offers a unique way of finally resolving the racial issue. Malcolm X felt that one of America’s main problems is the African American people, including the continued discrimination of the African Americans (Goldman 9). Instead of trying to be equals in our American society with the Caucasians, Malcolm X highly recommended separation. Malcolm X recommended African Americans should live in a society filled only with African Americans. In the same manner, Malcolm X insisted the White Americans should live within a community that excludes African Americans. This concept shows that African Americans can truly live in equality if they exclude the White Americans from African American community. Going further, Malcolm X even recommended that all African Americans should return to their own home country, Africa. In Africa, the majority of the citizens belong to the African race. Thus, the small number of Caucasians living within the African communities cannot oppress or dis criminate against the more numerous people of African race. Malcolm X espoused the African Americans have the right to protect themselves against threats to their lives and property (Goldman 4). Such espousing included protecting themselves against Caucasian (White people) threats. Such powerful concepts prove that people should to succumb to the pressures of society, especially pressures bordering on harassment and unlawful

Sustainable Development Process For Overpopulation in China

Sustainable Development Process For Overpopulation in China Overpopulation, resource crisis and environmental pollution are the three major social problems of the contemporary world; they are also three major obstacles that restrict economic and social development and the improving peoples living standard in the world. China has the largest population in the world and there are more than 1.3 billion people in China. And now, China is serious shortage of fresh water, arable land, forest and grassland, energy and other resources (Rozelle, 1997; Deng, 2008.) Per capita of these resources are less than one-third of the worlds averages. Per capita consumption of mineral resources is not to half the world average. As Chinas social and economic development increasingly, the total population is approaching the maximum carrying capacity of resources, environment. Irrational exploitation of resources exacerbates the shortage of resources and waste further, and the trend of ecological deterioration has not been fundamentally reversed. Population growth on resources and the environmental impact of socio-economic sustainable development has become the most important issue. So to deal with the population problems, all the people and stakeholders are required to cooperate with the Chinese government and then raise a sustainable development to deal with the problems. In this paper, it will first have a look at the background of Chinas population problems and then talk over which people are affected by the pollution and the barriers that are stopping the people to get a sustainable development. In the following part, it will have a brief introduction of the six processes which is developed by Dr. Mark Diesendorf and used to deal with the population problems. Next, how the six processes are implemented will be discussed. At the end of the paper, there is a brief discussion on the relationship of the steps and their dependence on each other and a conclusion will be presented as well. The direct problems which result from over population are the environmental problems and health problems. But the environment is changeable that it can flow from one place to another, such as air pollution, water pollution. So it implies that every people in China are affected by the population problems. With the increasing of population in China in recent years, China has suffered a lot. More people mean more energy and resources that could be consumed, but there will be more waste let out. Therefore, it will make the environment pollution to move forward a single step. So many environmental problems have appeared one by one. For example, in order to have good harvest of more and more fertilizers are used to improve the crop productivity (Jiang, 2009). But the low efficiency of the fertilizer use makes most of the fertilizer leave into the soil or flow with the water thus it both causes water pollution and soil pollution (Foy, 2001; Green, 1993; Jin, 2001). So in many places, especial in the rural areas, there is no fresh water to drink but it is also a lack of running water in these areas, that it is a great threat to peoples health. In addition, with the population growth, more people move into the city, so this leads an increase on the price of house. But on the contrary, in orde r to save the cost to the enterprises, many enterprises invest in the rural area directly; in order improve its profit, a large mount of the waste materials are let out into the river without any treatment. To the city people, with a growth of population, they are also the victims. More and more people live in the city, that much more rubbish is produced. Now many cities are crowded with rubbish and it is becoming a headache problem to the government. Although in order to have sustainable development, there many barriers before implementing the six steps to deal with the problems. It mainly concludes political factors, economic factors, legal factors, educational factor and cultural factors. Political factors: China is on the way of socialism, but now it is primary stage of socialism. Although the central government has enacted many laws and politics, but few of the local officers follow the path of central government. In their eyes, economy development is the most important. If the economy has risen up, it will reflect their hard work on the position that it will bring greater chances to promote. But in fact, it is quite harmful to the local people to a long term. Economy factors: China is a developing country and developing economy is the biggest theme all the time. Thus it misleads a large number of the officer pay much more attention to economic development without regarding the population problems. But the population problems react to the economy development. The population problems prohibit the economy development in many places. Moreover, many local governments are very poor in China especially in the west of China. Although they realize the population problems are quite harmful to local development, it is hard to de with it. In order to achieve instant success, GDP is the best choice, thus they have to give up the idea to deal with population problems. Legal factors: China is on the way of primary stage of socialism, many laws are not perfect. Family planning policy is not effective at present, especially in the west China. In addition, many of the families have realized the population, but they prefer boys to girls that there are at least two children if eldest son is a daughter (Luo, 2008). Moreover, some families have three or four children. Because of the special national conditions, to some degree, the local law may be not useful to them because of special relationship in China. Educational and cultural factors: A survey shows that only 21% of all the Chinese people enter in school that many people get little education. With little education, the people could not realize the importance of population problems and they have little knowledge to protect the publicity. In addition, family planning policy education is very poor in Chinas education. Another, there are 56 nations in China that they differ in culture significantly. Difference in culture will lead different attitude towards population problems and water protection. More money is input to deal with population problems and more money is punished for the parents with more than one child. With the development of economy, more and more money has been input into deal with population problems. Because the government have realized that development building on destroying the environment is an unsustainable way of development because of population growth. So in order to deal with the population problems, money input will be a basic factor. And in fact it takes effects in many places. Education. In order to deal with population problems, education is a key measure. First, more measures to dealt with the population problems will be developed through education. Second, through education, it will improve peoples awareness of population problems. Now, China government has input more and more money in education year by year. At present, many universities have the major named sociology science or sociology, and so on. It implies that the government has fully realized the seriousness of the population. The six step process is developed by Dr. Mark Diesendorf, the University of New South Wales. He gives us an easy but practical six step process to get a sustainable development process. The six steps are following. First, present a guiding vision, goals and scenarios. Second, Develop sustainability policy in all sectors, at all levels, with all types of instruments. Third, Create supportive environments. Fouth, Strengthen community action. Fifth, Develop personal and organizational skills. Sixth, reorient the system. (Diesendorf, 2000) The model will be used to give out a sustainable development process to dealing with population problems in China. China is becoming one of the core countries in the world, especially after the economy crisis. But now the population is becoming one of the biggest problems in China. On the one hand, in order to protect astogeny, more new births are encouraged, but on the other hand, to have a sustainable development process and maintain full of vigor, new births are limited. So it is difficult to achieve a medial policy. Therefore, in order to have a health, livable and sustainable development in China, there is a vision that is designed for China. The vision could be: in order to create a country with health, harmonious, and livable lives in China, China should do its best to improve peoples life in a sustainable aspect. Goals and scenarios: To deal with population problems, there is a long way to go. First, the growth trend of population problems should be under controls. There are many families which have more than one child. So measures should be taken out to restrict the families to deal with the population problems. Second, reduce the birth rate in rural area, especially in China. There is a lack of realization of reducing reduce the birth rate thus broadcast of the population problems is essential to local people to help them realize the seriousness of population problems around them. Third, improve the life standard to deal with the population problems. At present, population problems are affected by the life standard because in many poor places in the west China, people think that more children mean much happier. Early birth means that early happiness will come. Forth, more laws should enact to ensure these measures to take effect normally. First, money is essential to deal with the population problems. Finance support is one of the most important measures to handle with population problems. Without money, any treatment measures could not take effect. Second, stricter laws should be carried out to assess the quality of the peoples life. There could be an annual assessment of the population problems. In addition, the present laws to assess the population problems should be improved and perfected. Third, develop new ways of accumulating the achievements in local official career. In the past, GDP is unique target to accumulate the achievement in local official career. But now although GDP is important, the green GDP is encouraged. If the officer pursue the number of GDP, not focus on the quality of GDP, it is difficult to deal with population problems efficiently. Forth, recycle economy is encouraged. In order to have a saving and harmonious society, recycle is an efficient way. With more children birth every day, more energy and resources will be consumed, so in order to improve the efficiency of energy and resources, recycle economy is encouraged. Fifth, improve monitoring of dealing with population problems. While dealing with energy and resources, monitoring is important to make sure to operate normally. Because there is an interpersonal relation in China, that many laws may be ineffective. So improving monitoring of population problems would be effective to avoid special interpersonal relation in China. To deal with population problems efficiently, supportive environments are necessary. It main contains cooperation, transparency and compliance with relevant stakeholders. To the families with more two children in the rural areas, the government should warn them to realize the burden of the family and the whole society. But the birth control measure should be put among them. The government should help them how to get birth control in daily life. The government also could organize a group of specialist to give guide the birth control. Population problems in national minority are also not ignored. Useful and practical ways of birth control should be widely broadcast among them. In addition, more village officials could be introduced to bring new concerns to national minority area. Although many laws have been carried out and will take effect, it is difficult for a single or few people to take them into practice. So it needs community action. As James Fallows said in an email (main ideas), in the past decades, because of the Chinese peoples support in the population problems, Chinas have got greatest achievement in reducing the number of new birth, they also pave the path to population problems (Fallows, 2007). It implies that community actions play a great role in reducing birth rate. So the community should be called to deal with population problems. To deal with population problems, college students are the most suitable community. In China, there is a social practical activity in both summer holiday and winter holiday and now it is becoming a required course to them. They have many advantages among other groups. For example, people in the rural area would believe college student more than because many of them desire to go to university, but they have no cha nce. Second, the college students have many channels to deal with the practical problems when they meet in social practical activity. They can get easily in touch with the specialists. In addition, there are so many college students in China that they can spread the knowledge in each corner. In China, it is a pity that not many personal and organizational skills in dealing with population problems. The main reasons are following: it is a lack of personal power among the Chinese people because of the economic level to some degree. There is also a lack of education and public awareness in reducing population. As Jared Diamond said, in China there is a low awareness in public protection, because China input low invest in public educationis just half of the developed countries as a percentage of GDP. China has a population of 20% of the world population, but China has put only 1% of the worlds investment in education (Diamond, 2005). But now the situation is becoming much better than before. More and more people have poured in deal with population problems voluntarily. For example, a large number of people want to be volunteers in BeiJing Olympic Games 2008 and ShangHai World Expo in 2010. In addition, the government has input more (including finance and politics measures) in dealing with the population problems. Reorient the system is the largest challenge when get a sustainable development process. Because it links barrierspolitical factors, economic factors, legal factors, educational factor and cultural factors together. But the governments play the greatest role in reorienting the system. As referred above, the central government has made many useful laws, but the local government could not follow the path, mainly because there is a large of economic interest to the government. As GDP is the most important target in their eyes. Another, the economy growth is imbalance in different areas in China and the concept diversity towards population in national minority; especially there is a big difference between west and east. So in order to achieve a sustainable development, China should reform many laws relevant to population problems. Each of the six steps could not stand separately. First, in order to realize sustainable development, the most import thing to do is have a goal and vision, which is step 1. But without step 1, all the following steps are useless. With a goal and vision, measures should be carried out to realize the goal. But measures can take effect only under proper policy; that is step 2. With a politic guarantee, the measures could take into practice and good supports environment are necessary; that is step 3. In order carry out the measures, community action are needed as well, and this step 4, because the laws and measure can take out by the people, not a single person. But now, in order to have good performance on reducing birth rate, personal and organization skills will help; that is step 5. To have a large scale to deal with population problems, there would be a big challenge that it should reorient the system and that is step 6. In all, the six steps is an organic entirety. In conclusion, in order to get a sustainable development in China, population problem is a serious problem. To deal with population problems, there is a specific analysis of the background and the victim. All the people in China are the victim of population problems. In the process of deal with population problems, there are both barriers and useful factors. The main barriers conclude political factors, economic factors, legal factors, educational factor and cultural factors, because China is in the primary stage of socialism. But there are many useful factors as well including money and education. More and more money is input in dealing with population problems and invested in education. After analyzing the background, a six-step process is raising out to deal with population problems. It includes a guiding vision, goals and scenarios, sustainability policy in all sectors, supportive environments, community action and personal and organizational skills. The six steps could not exist alone, on the contrary, they an organic part.

Psychological Discoveries in “The Awakening”

In a novel or play, some of the most significant events are mental or psychological. These events may lead to awakenings, discoveries, or changes in consciousness. In Kate Chopin’s, The Awakening, she explores the internal events in Edna Pontellier’s life to give the sense of excitement, suspense, and climax usually associated with external action. Chopin reveals the excitement through Edna’s affairs. Edna and Robert fall in love, which goes against her marriage with Leonce.Not only is it going against her marriage, it also goes against the principles of women, especially during this time period. At first the meetings with Robert are subtle and not as important, but when Edna starts to spend time with Alcee Arobin, she digs herself into deeper trouble. Edna troubles herself by being with Arobin, but she continually keeps her consciousness and does not fall into the trap of being controlled by a man. Although there is excitement, Edna also goes through suspenseful events.Chopin reveals the suspense through Edna’s conversations and interactions with her husband. One of the events revealing suspense is when Edna moves out of the house without her husband’s permission. This action makes a big impact on their marriage. This is also because she receives Alcee at this location. Chopin creates the tension between the husband and wife which is unexpected in this time period. Edna has her own frame of mind when she acts on this. It is a psychological conflict because she knows her husband does not approve of her behavior.Furthermore, Chopin reveals the climax through the symbolism of the ocean. The ocean foreshadows the resulting death of Edna Pontellier. Edna believes her life is over when Robert and she cannot be together any longer. She does not desire to be with her husband or Arobin either. As a symbol of cleansing and freedom, the ocean portrays the events leading to her suicide. Without the ocean and the lack of being able to swi m well, Edna would not have the psychological idea to drown herself in the water – the most significant event in the novel.Overall, Kate Chopin exposes the excitement, suspense, and climax through mental or psychological discoveries in Edna Pontellier’s life. The internal actions and conflicts leading up to the external action reveal Edna’s change in consciousness. Because of all the little – but important – events happening in her life, Edna committed suicide to escape her unhappiness. Psychological Discoveries The Awakening Trisha Aguilar Period 3 2/18/13